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Authors retain copyright and grant the Journal of Educational Research and Learning Analytics the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA 4.0). This license allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, posting it to an institutional repository, publishing it in a book, or uploading it to an academic database), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the Journal of Educational Research and Learning Analytics.

Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their personal or institutional websites) prior to and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive scholarly exchanges and result in earlier and greater citation of published work.

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All material published by the Journal of Educational Research and Learning Analytics is protected under international copyright and intellectual property laws. The Journal of Educational Research and Learning Analytics is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA 4.0) to optimize the publication, distribution, use, and reuse of scholarly works in the field of educational research and learning analytics.

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Under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA 4.0), users are free to:

Share — Copy, distribute, and transmit the published work in any medium or format for any purpose, including commercial purposes.

Adapt — Remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit and acknowledgment are given to allow users to trace back to the original manuscript and author.

Attribution Requirements

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• Give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the journal

• Provide a link to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

• Indicate if changes were made to the original work

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Users may fulfill attribution requirements by providing a citation to the original work and author in a standard academic format.

ShareAlike Provision

If users remix, transform, or build upon the published material, they must distribute their derivative creations under the same Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-SA 4.0) as the original work. This ensures that any new work based on the journal's published content maintains the same open-access licensing terms.

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The author warrants that:

• The article is original and written by the stated author(s)

• The work has not been published previously in substantially the same form

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• The copyright is vested exclusively in the author(s), except where explicitly stated otherwise

• All necessary permissions have been obtained for any third-party content included in the manuscript

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Authors and users may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. The journal, authors, and affiliated institutions make no additional claims regarding the material beyond those permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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License Information

For complete information about the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, including legal code and human-readable summaries, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/