Criminal Liability for Online Gender-Based Sextortion Against Women Under Indonesian Criminal Law
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Abstract
The Indonesian criminal justice system currently faces a profound regulatory vacuum regarding online gender-based sextortion, relying on a deeply fragmented statutory framework that structurally fails to capture the offense's complex hybrid nature. To resolve this severe doctrinal crisis, this study utilized a purely normative legal methodology, strictly excluding empirical statistical data, to critically evaluate existing domestic penal instruments. The profound analysis explicitly reveals that forcing cyber-extortion into conventional property or generic morality statutes systematically institutionalizes secondary victimization against women. Consequently, this article argues that applying existing laws is substantively inadequate and inherently violates the fundamental principle of strict legal certainty. Eradicating this pervasive systemic disparity strictly requires the immediate legislative formulation of a sui generis, gender-responsive penal provision. By shifting the regulatory paradigm from property-centric doctrines to comprehensive bodily autonomy protection, this conceptual framework provides a vital prescriptive blueprint for global jurisdictions struggling against the asymmetric weaponization of digital intimacy.
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